Avaliação da qualidade de vida de portadores de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva e sua correlação com a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde / Assessment of quality of life in patients with congestive heartfailure and its correlation with the International Classificationof Functioning, Disability, and Health

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca e correlacionar com a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF). Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com amostra de 19 pacientes, com idade média de 66,28 ± 10,93 anos cuja qualidade de vida foi avaliada através do questionário de qualidade de vida Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), sendo que para cada questão foi determinado uma categoria da CIF e estes resultados foram correlacionados. Resultados: A média do escore do questionário MLHFQ foi de 61,21 ± 17,56. Verificou-se correlação positiva entre a qualidade de vida e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (r = 0,75; p = 0,0006), fato que não ocorreu ao comparar a qualidade de vida com a classe funcional. Observou-se alta correlação entre as respostas dos pacientes e a avaliação do fisioterapeuta utilizando a CIF. Conclusões: O questionário MLFHQ contempla as exigências da CIF, possuindo alta correlação entre as respostas de ambos, sendo considerado global, o que possibilita o emprego destes instrumentos na avaliação de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC).

Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of patients with heart failure and correlate it with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). Method: This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 19 patients, mean age of 66.28 ± 10.93 years, whose quality of life was assessed by the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ); for each question a domain of ICF was given whose results were then correlated. Results: The average MLHFQ questionnaire score was 61.21 ± 17.56. There was a positive correlation between the quality of life and left ventricular ejection fraction (r = 0.75; p = 0.0006), which was not seen when comparing the quality of life with functional class. There was a high correlation between patient outcomes and the assessment of the physiotherapist using the ICF. Conclusions: The MLFHQ questionnaire includes the requirements of the ICF, showing a high correlation between its responses and those from the ICF, and is considered global, which allows these instruments to be used in evaluating patients with congestive heart failure (CHF).

El sildenafil mejora la capacidad de ejercicio en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca crónica / Sildenafil Improves Exercise Capacity in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Antecedentes Los agentes inhibidores de la fosfodiesterasa 5, como el sildenafil, son vasodilatadores moderados ampliamente utilizados para el tratamiento de la disfunción eréctil. En la actualidad, la evidencia disponible establece su potencial aplicación en otras patologías, como la hipertensión pulmonar, la disfunción endotelial y la insuficiencia cardíaca crónica. Objetivo El presente estudio fue diseñado para comprobar si la administración de sildenafil en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca crónica en clase funcional II-III mejora la capacidad de ejercicio en comparación con placebo. Material y métodos Se seleccionaron en forma aleatoria 70 pacientes portadores de insuficiencia cardíaca crónica de cualquier etiología, excepto valvulares, todos con tratamiento óptimo. Para su inclusión en el estudio, los pacientes debían tener un diámetro diastólico ventricular izquierdo > 55 mm, una fracción de eyección < 35% y una presión arterial sistólica > 90 mm Hg. Se excluyeron los que se encontraban anémicos, aquellos con indicación de cirugía por cualquier causa o los que por diversos motivos no pudieran realizar una caminata de seis minutos. Luego de una caminata de seis minutos fueron aleatorizados para recibir 50 mg de sildenafil o placebo, conformándose dos grupos, placebo y sildenafil, ambos con 35 participantes. Luego de 1 hora de la ingestión de las drogas se realizó una nueva caminata de seis minutos. Antes y después de cada caminata se controlaron las siguientes variables: presión arterial sistólica, diastólica y frecuencia cardíaca; se registraron también los metros caminados en cada prueba. Resultados Características generales, grupo placebo versus grupo sildenafil: hombres: 74% vs 88%, etiología isquémico-necrótica: 71% vs 77%, clase funcional II: 37% vs 34%, clase funcional III: 63% vs 66%, edad: 68 ± 10 vs 68 ± 12 años, fracción de eyección: 26,5% ± 7,8% vs 26,5% ± 6,5%, diámetro diastólico ventricular izquierdo: 65 ± 6 vs 66 ± 9 mm (todas p = ns). Las variables del grupo placebo versus sildenafil antes de la primera caminata fueron: presión arterial sistólica: 115 ± 15 vs 115 ± 21 mm Hg y diastólica: 71 ± 10,5 vs 68 ± 13 mm Hg (ambas p = ns) y frecuencia cardíaca: 74 ± 13 vs 64 ± 6 (p < 0,001). Luego de la primera caminata y antes de la administración de las drogas: presión arterial sistólica: 126 ± 20 vs 133 ± 26 mm Hg, diastólica: 68 ± 11 vs 72 ± 15 mm Hg y frecuencia cardíaca 84 ± 2 vs 80 ± 9 (todas p = ns). Antes de la segunda caminata y luego de la administración de las drogas, grupo placebo versus sildenafil: presión arterial sistólica: 112 ± 14 vs 95 ± 18 mm Hg, diastólica: 69 ± 8 vs 57 ± 12 mm Hg (ambas p < 0,001) y frecuencia cardíaca: 73 ± 11 vs 75 ± 10 (p = ns). Finalmente, luego de la segunda caminata, presión arterial sistólica: 123 ± 17 vs 115 ± 26 mm Hg (p < 0,05), diastólica: 65 ± 7 vs 60 ± 12 mm Hg (p < 0,02) y frecuencia cardíaca: 84 ± 13 vs 86 ± 12 (p = ns). Cuatro pacientes (11%) en el grupo sildenafil presentaron cefalea y ninguno en el grupo placebo. No se registraron eventos mayores. El grupo sildenafil caminó 222 ± 69 metros antes y 313 ± 76 luego de la administración de la droga; la diferencia en metros fue de 91 ± 19. El grupo placebo caminó 233 ± 67 metros antes y 242 ± 67 luego de la administración de la droga; la diferencia en metros fue de 9 ± 5. Al comparar estos resultados, la diferencia en metros recorridos resultó significativa a favor del grupo sildenafil: 91 ± 19 vs 9 ± 5 (p < 0,0001). Conclusiones En pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca en clase funcional II-III bajo tratamiento óptimo, el sildenafil mejoró la capacidad de ejercicio en comparación con placebo.

Background Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, as sildenafil, are moderate vasodilators widely used for erectile dysfunction. The evidence currently available establishes that they are potentially useful to treat other conditions like pulmonary hypertension, endothelial dysfunction and chronic heart failure. Objective To evaluate whether sildenafil is useful to improve exercise capacity compared to placebo in patients with chronic heart failure in functional class II-III. Material and Methods A total of 70 patients with chronic heart failure of any etiology, excluding valvular heart disease, were randomly selected. All patients were receiving optimal medical treatment. Patients were included if they had a left ventricular-diastolic diameter of 55 mm, an ejection fraction <35% systolic blood pressure >90 mm Hg. Patients with anemia, an indication of surgery due to any cause, and those unable to undergo a 6-minute walk test were excluded from the study. After the 6-minute walk test, the patients were randomly assigned to receive 50 mg of sildenafil (sildenafil group) or placebo (placebo group); each group had 35 patients. A second 6-minute walk test was performed 1 hour after the drug was administered. The following variables were evaluated before and after each test: systolic blood pressure, heart rate and the distance walked in meters in each test. Results General characteristic, placebo group versus sildenafil group: men: 74% vs. 88%, ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: 71% vs. 77%, functional class II: 37% vs. 34%, functional class III: 63% vs. 66%, age: 68±10 vs. 68±12 years, ejection fraction: 26.5%±7.8% vs. 26.5%±6.5%, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter: 65±6 vs. 66±9 mm (all p = ns). Before the fírst 6-minute walk test, the following variables were measured in the placebo versus the sildenafil group: systolic blood pressure: 115±15 vs. 115±21 mm Hg; diastolic blood pressure: 71±10.5 vs. 68±13 mm Hg (both p = ns); heart rate: 74±13 vs. 64±6 (p <0.001). After the first test and before drug administration: systolic blood pressure: 126±20 vs. 133±26 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure: 68±11 vs. 72±15 mm Hg; heart rate 84±2 vs. 80±9 (all p = ns). Before the second test and after drug administration, placebo versus sildenafil: systolic blood pressure: 112±14 vs. 95±18 mm Hg; diastolic blood pressure: 69±8 vs. 57±12 mm Hg (both p <0.001); heart rate: 73±llvs. 75±10 (p = ns). Finally after the second walk test: systolic blood pressure: 123±17 vs. 115±26 mm Hg (p <0.05), diastolic blood pressure: 65±7 vs. 60±12 mm Hg (p <0.02) and heart rate: 84±13 vs. 86±12 (p = ns). The incidence of headache was 11% (4 patients) in the sildenafil group and 0% in the placebo group. No major events were reported. The sildenafil group walked 222±69 and 313±76 meters before and after drug administration, respectively; the difference was 91±19 meters. The placebo group walked 233±67 and 242±67 meters before and after drug administration, respectively; the difference was 9±5 meters. The difference in the distance walked was greater in the sildenafil group: 91±19 vs. 9±5 (p <0.0001). Conclusions In patients with heart failure in functional class II-III under optimal medical therapy, sildenafil improved exercise capacity compared to placebo.